Agricultural extension is being reshaped by four simultaneous pressures: the arrival of low-cost digital and artificial-intelligence-based advisory tools, the reframing of farmer decision-making by behavioural economics, the intensification of climate risk and the restructuring o...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/jsrr/2026/v32i104563
Farmer producer organisations have become a central instrument of agricultural policy for smallholders in low- and middle-income countries, and women-led or women-only variants are increasingly promoted as a route to rural women’s economic empowerment. The assumption that collect...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/jsrr/2026/v32i104559
Farmer producer organisations, a category that includes marketing and service cooperatives, farmer groups and the producer companies promoted in India, have become a central instrument of agricultural development policy. They are expected to reduce transaction costs, pool output,...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/jeai/2026/v48i104538