Cotton is the main source of commercial fiber. In India's economy, it is one of the most important cash crops. This study used secondary data to look at the growth in cotton crop area, production, and productivity in the Ballari district of Karnataka over the last 46 years (1970–...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/jeai/2022/v44i430811
Climate smart agriculture (CSA) is a strategy for guiding the transformation and reorientation of agricultural production in light of the new realities of climate change. CSA manage the climate risks by adapting and building resilience of agricultural and food security system to...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/jeai/2022/v44i430810
The El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a recurring climate pattern involving changes in the temperature of waters in the central and eastern tropical Pacific Ocean. The three phases of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) namely the neutral phase, El Niño and La Niña oscil...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/ijecc/2022/v12i830717
Rainfall is one of the important weather factors deciding the economy, food habits, industries and work force of the area. Distribution of rainfall throughout the year further decides cropping pattern, variety to be cultivated and duration of the crop and management practices for...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/ijecc/2022/v12i830715