Assessment of Community-Based Wildlife Conservation Effort of Monkeys in Awka Metropolis in Anambra State, Nigeria

Abstract

This study assessed the community-based conservation efforts of monkeys in Awka Metropolis, Anambra State, Nigeria, with a focus on local knowledge systems, cultural beliefs, attitudes, and levels of participation in conservation practices. The research was prompted by increasing urbanization and deforestation, which threaten the survival of native monkey species such as Cercopithecus mona (Mona monkey) and Erythrocebuspatas (Patas monkey). A total of 100 structured questionnaires were administered across selected communities in Awka South and North Local Government Areas to gather data on awareness, perception, and community involvement in monkey conservation. Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis. Results showed that awareness of monkey conservation was high (83%), and most respondents (81%) recognized the cultural or spiritual significance of monkeys. However, only 12% had actively participated in conservation programs, despite 98% expressing willingness to engage in future initiatives. Habitat loss (93%) emerged as the most significant threat to monkey survival, followed by human–monkey conflicts (92%), largely due to urban expansion and deforestation. The study further revealed that respondents were predominantly young to middle-aged adults with tertiary education, suggesting a potentially informed and capable population for conservation advocacy. The findings highlight that community-based conservation in Awka is culturally rooted and socially accepted but lacks institutional and technical support. Strengthening collaboration between local communities, traditional leaders, government agencies, and conservation experts is essential to translate willingness into action. The study concludes that integrating indigenous knowledge with modern conservation frameworks can enhance sustainable wildlife management in urbanizing Nigerian cities.