Skip to content
Research Article Open access CC BY 4.0

Association between Albumin Creatinine Ratio and e-GFR in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Oredo Local Government Area, Benin City, South-South Nigeria

O. F. Adewolu, K. Atoe

International Journal of TROPICAL DISEASE & Health · pp. 94–101 · Published 10 Jan 2015

10.9734/IJTDH/2015/14282

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus is the commonest endocrine disease in Nigeria. Nephropathy is one of the complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus that could lead to end stage renal disease. Persistent microalbuminuria is a predictor of high risk of developing diabetic nephropathy. Early detection of kidney disease and intervention will prevent progression to end stage renal disease. Objective: To determine the association between albumin creatinine ratio and eGFR in type 2 diabetic patients, their usefulness as early predictors of diabetic nephropathy and progression of disease. Materials and Methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted in the State Specialist Hospital, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria. Forty six type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, both male and female within the age range of 30 – 85 years were recruited for the study, after meeting the inclusion criteria. Twenty age and gender matched healthy subjects were selected as controls. Fasting plasma glucose, glycated haemoglobin, C-Reactive protein, serum creatinine were assayed. Urine albumin was estimated and albumin creatinine ratio determined, eGFR was estimated according to the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) formula. Results: There was a significant difference between means of glycated haemoglobin, C – Reactive protein, Albumin creatinine ratio, eGFR of subjects which was (8.3±2.1%, 17.9±1.3 mg/l, 247.7±22.2 mg/g, 88±5.9 ml/min) respectively and that of controls which was (4.5±1.1%, 10.2±2 mg/l, 22.7±5.1 mg/g, 93.1±2.3 ml/min) p<0.05. ACR showed a strong and linear negative correlation with eGFR (r=-.682, p<0.05). A higher percentage of patients (64.7%) with e-GFR<60 ml/min had microalbuminuria, compared with (57.7%) with microalbuminuria in the subjects with eGFR>60 ml/min. Albuminuria worsened with increased duration of disease, as 55.6% of patients with diabetes mellitus of 5 years and above had macro albuminuria compared with 25% of patients with disease less than 5 years. Decline in eGFR increased with increasing duration of disease, 55.6% with disease duration of 5 years and above had eGFR<60 ml/min, compared with 45.5% in those with disease less than 5 years. Conclusion: Albumin creatinine ratio and eGFR had a significant and linear negative correlation in this study. Therefore, they could be useful as predictors of early kidney disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus in this local government area. Increase in severity of albuminuria, coupled with higher prevalence of decline in eGFR with increasing duration of disease may be suggestive of their usefulness as predictors of disease progression.

Albumin creatinine ratio (ACR) eGFR diabetes mellitus type 2.

References (13)

  1. 1 PROTEIN MEASUREMENT WITH THE FOLIN PHENOL REAGENT [DOI]
  2. 2 Using Standardized Serum Creatinine Values in the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study Equation for Estimating Glomerular Filtration Rate [DOI]
  3. 3 Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2008 [DOI]
  4. 4 Inflammatory Markers and Risk of Developing Type 2 Diabetes in Women [DOI]
  5. 5 Estimation of Glomerular Filtration Rate in Diabetic Subjects [DOI]
  6. 6 National Kidney Disease Education Program.
  7. 7 National Kidney Disease Education Program [DOI]
  8. 8 Evaluation of Candidate Nephropathy Susceptibility Genes in a Genome-Wide Association Study of African American Diabetic Kidney Disease [DOI]
  9. 9 C-reactive protein and the risk of developing type 2 diabetes in Aboriginal Australians [DOI]
  10. 10 Association of hs-CRP with Diabetic and Non-diabetic individuals
  11. 11 Factors Associated with the Decline of Kidney Function Differ among eGFR Strata in Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus [DOI]
  12. 12 Prevalence of Microalbuminuria among Rural North Indian Population with Diabetes Mellitus and its Correlation with Glycosylated Haemoglobin and Smoking [DOI]
  13. 13 GFR and Cardiovascular Events in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus [DOI]

Cited by 3

The burden of diabetic kidney disease in Nigeria − systematic review and meta-analysis

Taoreed A. Azeez, Oluwafemi Efuntoye, Busayo I. Abiola · Journal of The Egyptian Society of Nephrology and Transplantation · 2021

Showing 1 of 3 known citations — external sources report more than can currently be individually listed.

Related research

Article metrics

Real usage data collected on this platform.

10

Page views

0

PDF downloads

7

Outbound clicks

3

Citations

Views over time

Views by country

Approximate, from request IP at view time — not citizenship or institution. Countries with fewer than 5 views are grouped as "Other".

Traffic sources

Referring site, by host.

Views and downloads exclude known bots/crawlers. Citations combines this platform's own DOI-resolved index with each external source's own reported total — see Cited by above for individually listed citing works. Last refreshed 0 seconds ago.