Changing Ways of Work: An Outline of Location-Based Digital Platform Economy in India

Abstract

Background: India is experiencing substantial growth in the digital platform economy, where companies utilize online platforms, portals, and mobile applications to match workers with tasks. These platforms use algorithms to assign piece-rate jobs to workers who are denoted as independent partners/contractors. Platforms which mediate work through digital means include Zomato, Uber, Zepto etc. The digital economy, which saw a substantial surge after the COVID-19 pandemic, encompasses the platform economy as one of its key components. Aims: The article aims to provide a concise overview of the location-based platform economy in India and explain its impact on the lives of workers in this work arrangement. Methodology: The researchers conducted a comprehensive narrative review, drawing insights from peer-reviewed articles, government reports, and their own field research in Kochi, Kerala and Bangalore, Karnataka. Results: Results include a detailed table depicting key details of major platform aggregators in India and two case studies that shed light on digital platform workers' motivations, challenges and incentives. Conclusion: Extensive conceptual and empirical research across various social science disciplines is essential for effectively comprehending and regulating the platform economy. Given the profound impact of the platform economy, it is crucial to ground policy and regulation in rigorous social science research. This will benefit all stakeholders in the platform economy, including platform aggregators, service providers (delivery partners, rider partners, etc.), government officials, and end customers, ensuring a fair and equitable environment for all.