Determination of Cytotoxic Effects of Silver Diamine Fluoride/ Potassium Iodide Agent on Human Peripheral Lymphocytes

Abstract

Aim: To investigate cytotoxicity effect of different concentrations of Silver Diamine Fluoride/Potassium Iodide agent on human peripheral blood lymphocytes. Materials and Methods: The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to determine the effects of SDF (0.38%, 3.8% and 38%) and KI (4%, 58.3%) on cell viability on human lymphocytes after 24 h, 48 h and 72 h of incubation. Results: MTT test results demonstrated that cell viability decreased as concentrations of SDF increased. 0.38 % SDF was observed to induce the highest cell death after 72 h of contact. At 3.8 % and 38 %, SDF were found to be cytotoxic on human lymphocytes at all application periods.  KI solutions at 4 %, 58.3 % concentrations did not show cytotoxicity effect at 24 h exposure, conversely, which resulted in cell proliferation, while moderate cytotoxicity was observed at incubation periods for 48 h and 72 h. Conclusion: SDF was found to be cytotoxic to human peripheral lymphocytes at all three concentrations and at all exposure times.  KI solutions showed cell proliferation in the first 24 hours, which is important in determining the protocol for the use of this solution in clinical procedures, especially in dentistry.