Determination of the Nutritional Composition and Phytochemical Profile of Gundelia tournefortii L. Collected from Different Locations in the Eastern Anatolia Region of Türkiye

Abstract

This study evaluated the nutritional composition and phytochemical characteristics of Gundelia tournefortii L. collected from six locations in Hakkâri Province, Eastern Anatolia Region of Türkiye. Plant materials were collected during April and May 2024 from Otluca Village, Depin, Yufkalı Village, Karabey Village, Sılo Plateau, and Eskikoçyiğit Village. Samples were analysed for dry matter, ash, crude fat, crude protein, acid detergent fibre, neutral detergent fibre, total phenolic content, and antioxidant capacity. Significant location-based differences were observed for all examined traits. Fresh dry matter content ranged from 7.54% in Otluca Village to 11.68% in Karabey Village, while crude protein varied from 25.03% to 27.77%. Acid detergent fibre and neutral detergent fibre ranged from 27.30% to 31.42% and from 37.86% to 43.40%, respectively. Total phenolic content ranged from 23.85 to 45.66 mg GAE g⁻¹, and antioxidant capacity ranged from 6.28 to 10.51 μmol TE g⁻¹. Karabey Village samples showed the highest fresh dry matter, ash, and crude fat contents, whereas Otluca Village samples had the highest crude protein, acid detergent fibre, and neutral detergent fibre contents. Sılo Plateau samples showed the highest total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity. Principal component analysis explained 91.24% of the total variance, and correlation analysis indicated a strong positive association between total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity. The findings show that the nutritional and phytochemical properties of G. tournefortii vary by collection location.