Differentiation of Hemodynamics of Top Athletes Depending on Heart Rate Variability after Training

Abstract

Aims: To predict the functional status of the cardiorespiratory system of athletes based on results of responses to exercise. Study Design: Case-control study. Place and Duration of Study: Palace of Sports "Dynamo" in Lviv, between January and February 2016. Methodology: 32 qualified waterpolo male athletes aged 20.6±3.0 years were examined. The research included the study of physical parameters, HR and BP by using routine methods and changes of these parameters during the first 3 minutes after the Martinet Test (1 hour before training) and also the study of cardiorespiratory system using SACR before and during the first 5 minutes after training in state of relative relax in the sitting position. To assess the research results we have used the distribution-free method of statistical analysis, using which we can evaluate the Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney criteria, and also percentile method analysis based on determining the individual assessments of each indicators that take into consideration falling in appropriate limits of percentile ranges. Results: Hypokinetic type of hemodynamic is observed in 64% of athletes (EG2) and in 88.2% of athletes (EG1). According to the parameters of central hemodynamic, describing the size of the left ventricle in athletes from EG2, significantly greater (p<0.01) is the end-diastolic volume (EDV)-116.3(107.1;118.8) cm3 and end-systolic volume (ESV)-37.2 (33.9;39.2) cm3 comparing to EDV 92.5(87.0;107.6) cm3 and ESV 27.1(22.4;33.7) cm3 in EG1. Significantly larger (p<0.05) was a stroke volume 78.7(72.5;79.8) cm3 comparing to 64.9 (61.6;77.1) cm3 in EG1.The rate of α-factor that characterizes the BRS and predicts the effectiveness of the regulation of cardiac pump function was significantly higher (p<0.01) with EG2: BRSLF: 19.8(17.3;22.1) versus 10.7(8.7;17.5), BRSHF in EG2: 25.4(17.0;29.7) comparing to 12.8(8.9;24.9) in EG1. Conclusion: The research revealed that the mentioned features of changes in heart rate variability in the high-frequency range after training have rather accurate determinants in hemodynamic securing an athlete, which in turn can be used to predict and adequately assess the state of the athlete in the recovery period after the competition.