Ethnobotanical Survey of Medicinal Plants used in Diabetes Management among Teachers and Students in Secondary Schools of Adzopé (Ivory Coast)

Abstract

Background: Medicinal plants are often used to treat certain chronic conditions, including diabetes. This study was conducted to contribute to knowledge about the plant species traditionally used to treat diabetes in the town of Adzopé in Ivory Coast. Materials and Methods: The survey was conducted among teaching staff and pupils at two secondary schools in the town of Adzopé. All teachers at these schools were interviewed, and pupils were selected using convenience sampling. The survey was conducted using a semi-structured interview method. Information on the profile of the respondents and the characteristics of the plants mentioned was collected using the survey form. More specifically, the aim was to identify the species used, the methods of preparation and administration of the preparations, and the perceived effects of using these plants. Results: The study identified 12 plant species divided into 10 botanical families and 12 genera. The most represented families were Anacardiaceae (17%) and Meliaceae (17%). The most commonly cited species was Mangifera indica (17%). Leaves were the most commonly used part of the plant in preparations (70.49%). The most commonly used method of preparation was decoction (66%) and the only method of administration cited was oral administration. Nearly half (46%) of the recipes were for single daily administration. Half of those surveyed (50%) rated the effectiveness of these herbal remedies as average. Potential side effects after using these plants were mentioned by 26% of respondents, and only 48% of them considered medicinal plants to be their first choice of treatment. Conclusion: This study shows the diversity of medicinal plants traditionally used by school staff to treat diabetes in Adzopé. These data provide a basis for phytochemical, pharmacological and formulation studies aimed at developing improved traditional medicines.