Examination of the Levels of Women's Participation in the Community Development Projects

Abstract

This study examined the levels of women's Participation in community development projects in Manyoni District, Tanzania, focusing on the Manyoni Water Project. Using a mixed-methods approach, data were collected from 100 women through questionnaires and 10 key informants through interviews and focus group discussions. The study applied Arnstein's Ladder of Citizen Participation and Liberal Feminist Theory to assess women's Participation across project stages, including initiation, planning, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation. Findings revealed that 55% of women demonstrated moderate Participation, 17% high participation, and 28% low participation. Although women contribute significantly to project implementation, their representation in decision-making and leadership remains limited due to socio-cultural norms, low education levels, and gender stereotypes. In this manner, the study is significant to policymakers and academics, as it provides evidence on the levels of women’s Participation in community development projects, helping them design policies that promote gender inclusion. Therefore, the study concludes that women's Participation in community projects is essential for sustainability and equity. It recommends gender awareness programs, education, and training to promote meaningful engagement and enhance women’s influence in community development processes.