Land Surface Temperature Analysis of Kigali City

Abstract

The paper entitled land surface temperature analysis in Kigali city; is established to analyze the change in temperature due to the cover in place and inform everyone to take care of land cover. The study was conducted in Kigali city by using remote sensing technique. The study design is shown on the follow chart. The modification and transformation of land cover in a city, affect an evapotranspiration process, storage, and emission of the heat in the urban environment. Therefore, to retrieve Land surface temperature in Kigali City was done by calculating at satellite brightness from TOP radiance, calculating land surface emissivity from the proportion of vegetation, finally to convert at satellite brightness temperature to land surface temperature. Land cover detection was done by analyzing Landsat 8 OLI-TIRS using supervised classification technique in the help of ERDAS imagine 2014, NDVI and NDBI were calculated by using argis10.3 and finally shape file of Rwanda administrative boundary was used to delineate the study area boundary. Land cover classification results show that, the area is dominated 48% vegetation, 38% bare soil, 13% built up and 1% water with the overall accuracy assessment of 95.7% and Overall Kappa Statistics 0.94. Maximum land surface temperature is 300C and lowest is 16°C. The correlation between numerical values of LST, NDBI, NDVI and overlapping of land cover to LST map show that there is a positive correlation between NBDI and LST and negative correlation between NDVI and LST. This indicate that, there is an increase in land surface temperature with an increase of NDBI and there is a decrease if NDVI increase. Then by overlapping LST to land cover of Kigali city shows that where, vegetation is not concentrated imprecate the increase of land surface temperature. The study of land surface temperature in Kigali city help to understand that land cover in place may play a big role on microclimate distribution. Therefore informs the urban planners, urban designers and policymakers for successful mitigation measures of temperature increase by improving the land cover and landscape.