Microcrystalline Cellulose of Oil Bean Pod: Extraction, Physico-chemical, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), and Flow-ability Analysis
Okechukwu Paul Nsude, Kingsley John Orie
Asian Journal of Applied Chemistry Research · pp. 1–12 · Published 29 Dec 2022
10.9734/ajacr/2022/v12i4226Abstract
Oil bean pods (OBPs) are a biomass that are indiscriminately dumped in eastern Nigeria, thus causes a lot of pollution. In this study, microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) was isolated from oil bean pods using acid hydrolysis, and several characterizations were performed using a variety of sophisticated techniques. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analysis has indicated the removal of lignin and hemicellulose from MCC extracted from oil bean pods. Scanning Electron Microscopy and Energy Dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) revealed a rough surface and minor agglomeration of the MCC. Furthermore, the isolated MCC has slightly higher inorganic minerals than the raw oil bean pod on the basis of SEM-EDX and the ash content. The Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis reveals that the specific surface area of MCC is 331.94 m2/g, which is greater than that of OBP, with 164.728 m2/g. Other characteristics like pore volume, and average pore diameter or size demonstrate that MCC has a superior property than the raw OBP. This implies that MCC could serve as a better adsorbent than the raw OBP. As a result of the increased surface area and high percentage of MCC, which is associated to chemical treatment of raw OBP, MCC can be used in environmental remediation of heavy metals. The bulk density of MCC was recorded at 0.447, which is slightly above the United States Pharmacopeia (USP) specification of 0.32, and the tapped density was recorded at 0.532. The flow ability of MCC powder determines its suitability as a direct compression binder. Thus, the isolated MCC might be used as a reinforcing element for the production of green composites, binder, adsorbents, and plastic polymers.
References (27)
- 1 Cellulosic/synthetic fibre reinforced polymer hybrid composites: A review [DOI]
- 2 Deconstruction of lignocellulosic biomass with ionic liquids [DOI]
- 3 Isolation and characterization of microcrystalline cellulose from oil palm biomass residue [DOI]
- 4 Isolation, preparation, and characterization of nanofibers from oil palm empty-fruit-bunch (OPEFB) [DOI]
- 5 Isolation and characterization of microcrystalline cellulose from roselle fibers [DOI]
- 6 Biodegradable Polymers [DOI]
- 7 Morphological, Physiochemical and Thermal Properties of Microcrystalline Cellulose (MCC) Extracted from Bamboo Fiber [DOI]
- 8 Extraction and Characterization of Nanocellulose from Corn Stover [DOI]
- 9 Recovery and evaluation of cellulose from agroindustrial residues of corn, grape, pomegranate, strawberry-tree fruit and fava [DOI]
- 10 Quantitative Analysis of Lignocellulosic Components of Non-Treated and Steam Exploded Barley, Canola, Oat and Wheat Straw Using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy
- 11 Effect of Moisture, Charge Size, and Chlorine Concentration on PCDD/F Emissions from Simulated Open Burning of Forest Biomass [DOI]
- 12 Biocompatible microcrystalline cellulose particles from cotton wool and magnetization via a simple in situ co-precipitation method [DOI]
- 13 Preparation and properties of microcrystalline cellulose/hydroxypropyl starch composite films [DOI]
- 14 Fabrication of phosphate microcrystalline rice husk based cellulose particles and their electrorheological response [DOI]
- 15 Evaluation of Microcrystalline Cellulose from Groundnut Shell for the Removal of Crystal Violet and Methylene Blue
- 16 Simple and inexpensive method of wood pellets macro-porosity measurement [DOI]
- 17 Modification of Activated Carbon from Biomass Nypa and Amine Functional Groups as Carbon Dioxide Adsorbent [DOI]
- 18 FTIR Screening to Elucidate Compositional Differences in Maize Recombinant Inbred Lines with Contrasting Saccharification Efficiency Yields [DOI]
- 19 Synthesis and Bioactivity of 1-((2-Carbamoylguanidino) (furan-2-ylmethyl)urea [DOI]
- 20 Isolation, Physicochemical and BET Analysis of Cellulose from Pentaclethra macrophylla Benth (Oil Bean) Pod Biomass Wastes [DOI]
- 21 ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF CELLULOSE FROM Pentaclethra macrophylla Benth POD BIOMASS WASTES FOR POLYMER REINFORCEMENT COMPOSITE [DOI]
- 22 Isolation and Characterization of Microcrystalline Cellulose from Papaya Stem
- 23 Preparation and Characterization of Activated Carbon Produced from Oil Bean (Ugba or Ukpaka) and Snail Shell [DOI]
- 24 Phytochemical Constituent and Anti-corrosion Properties of the Root Extract of Phyllanthus mellerianus (Nvo-nkwu) Plant on Mild Steel in 1.5M HCl Medium [DOI]
- 25 Metal Complexes of Heterocyclic Sulphonamide: Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Activity [DOI]
- 26 Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology [DOI]
- 27 Handbook of pharmaceutical excipients [DOI]
Cited by 14
Omuluche, Collins Onyekachi, Duru, Remy Ukachukwu, Achugasim, Ozioma, Abayeh, Ovi Julius · Asian Journal of Applied Chemistry Research · 2023
Okechukwu Paul Nsude, Kingsley John Orie · Asian Journal of Applied Chemistry Research · 2023
Kingsley John Orie, Beatrice Ihuoma Okocha · Inorganic Chemistry Communications · 2024
Okechukwu Paul Nsude, Kingsley John Orie, Elechi Owhoeke · 2023
Showing 4 of 14 known citations — external sources report more than can currently be individually listed.
Related research
- Strain Development of Aspergillus brasiliensis Using Physical and Chemicals Mutagenesis for Possible Overproduction of Xylanase, Amylase, Protease and Cellulase under Submerged Fermentation (SmF) — shares topic coverage
- Physicochemical Characteristics of Fungal Xylanases and their Potential for Biobleaching of Kraft and Non-wood Pulps — shares topic coverage
- Compositional Analysis of the Lignocellulosic Biomass from Agricultural Waste (Rice Husk) — shares topic coverage
- Study of Microstructure and Molecular Dynamics of Cotton and Cellulose Fibers by Methods of Physical Labels — shares topic coverage
- FTIR Studies on Composite Blends and Biodegradable Products of Guna Protein/Cellulose Based Biocomposites — shares topic coverage
Article metrics
Real usage data collected on this platform.
58
Page views
0
PDF downloads
3
Outbound clicks
14
Citations
Views over time
Views by country
Approximate, from request IP at view time — not citizenship or institution. Countries with fewer than 5 views are grouped as "Other".
Traffic sources
Referring site, by host.
Views and downloads exclude known bots/crawlers. Citations combines this platform's own DOI-resolved index with each external source's own reported total — see Cited by above for individually listed citing works. Last refreshed 0 seconds ago.