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Research Article Open access CC BY 4.0

Population Pressure on Land Resources in Nigeria: The Past and Projected Outcome

H. I. Eririogu, R. N. Echebiri, E. S. Ebukiba

Journal of Energy Research and Reviews · pp. 20–34 · Published 14 Feb 2020

10.9734/jenrr/2020/v4i230122

Abstract

Aims: This paper assesses the population pressure on land resources in Nigeria: The past and projected outcome. Study Design: 1967 to 2068 time series data were used. The data sets were resorted to due to lack of complete national data. Place and Duration of Study: Past (1967-2017) and projected (2018-2068) five decades in Nigeria. Methodology: The time series data were obtained from the United Nations Population Division, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, National Population Commission, International Energy Statistics and Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) on population levels, renewable and non renewable resources in Nigeria. Others such as transformity were adapted from Odum (1996) and Odum (2000) for specific objectives. Data collected were analyzed using modified ecological footprint/carrying capacity approach, descriptive statistics and Z-statistics. Results: Results showed that the mean annual pressure on land resources in the past five decades (1967-2017) was 9.323 hectares per capita, while the projected pressure in the next five decades (2018-2068) was 213.178 hectares per capita. Results also showed that about 73.08 percent of the pressure per capita in the past five decades emanated from arable land consumption (6.813ha), while 75.91percent of the pressure is expected to emanate from fossil land in the next projected five decades due to crude oil and mineral resource exploration and exploitation. The carrying capacity of land resources in the past five decades was 6.4091 hectares per capita, while that of the projected five decades was 1.667 hectares per capita, an indication of ecological overshoot in both periods. Conclusion: Population pressures on land resources per capita in the past and projected five decades are higher than the carrying capacity of these resources in the country. Citizens lived and are expected to live unsustainably by depleting and degrading available land resources. Arable land consumption is the major contributor to the total pressure on land resources in the past five decades, while the consumption of fossil land due to exploration and exploitation of crude oil and mineral resources is expected to contribute majorly to the total pressure on land resources in the next five decades. Limiting affluence (per capita consumption of resources) and improving technology will not only ensure sustainable use of arable and fossil lands but place consumption within the limits of these resources for a sustainable future.

Population pressure carrying capacity land resources energy emergy Nigeria.

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