Prevalence of Precipitating Factors in Rehospitalisation among Acute Decompensated Heart Failure Patients at Tertiary Care Hospital

Abstract

Aims: The purpose of this research was to assess the frequency of precipitating variables that resulted in hospitalisation among ADHF patients who were admitted to the hospital. Sample: The sample size was calculated using WHO sample size calculator version 2.0 considering 13.22%7 uncontrolled hypertension among the patients with acute decompensated HF (ADHF), with 95% confidence interval, and 5% of margin of error, the sample size of n = 177 patients was calculated. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD) Karachi from 26th October 2018 to 26 April 2019. Methodology: Both male and female patients aged 20 to 80 years with documented HF with EF <40% on echocardiogram presenting with acute decompensated HF (ADHF) in NYHA class II, III or IV were included in this study. Results: A total of 177 hospitalized patients with acute decompensated HF were included. 107 (60.5%) were males & 70 (39.5%) were females with the mean age of 52.039+14.83887 years. The PF were acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in 64 (36.2%), medication Non compliance in 36(20.3%), atrial fibrillation in 44(24.9%), and uncontrolled hypertension in 47(26.6%). Conclusion: HF hospitalizations are associated with a significant number of preventable PF. The most prevalent precipitating event in our analysis was acute coronary syndrome (ACS), which occurred in 36.2 percent of participants. Patient HF patients may benefit from the identification of possible triggering factors, which may aid in the optimization of therapy and the provision of counseling.