Review on Updates in Diagnosis and Management of Puerperal Sepsis

Abstract

Puerperal sepsis caused 31% of pregnancy - related deaths in a retrospective study from Mbarara, Uganda, making it the most leading cause of maternal deaths mortality. The majority of postpartum infection research has taken place in high-resource countries, where risk factors such as inadequate cleanliness, poor socioeconomic position, prolonged labor, and these factors could differ in low- resources countries due to changes in the patient environment and healthcare system. The pathogenesis of puerperal sepsis is extremely complicated and poorly understood. as the pregnant woman acquire different adaptations on both scales, immunological and physiological which are intended to help the fetus develop, all these changes can hinder the mother's ability to defend against infection during pregnancy and the puerperium. Management of puerperal sepsis based on three main levels, the first is the prevention of sepsis using empirical antibiotics, the second one is for the management of the septic patient using resuscitation and source control, if the case continues to worse, admission to ICU is necessary where some measurements should be taken such as glycemic control, using oxygen, vasopressors and steroids.