The phenomenon of dormancy in cancer and tumor cells is defined by the halting of cell division and the preservation of a dormant or slow-growing condition. Cells can stay in this state long after the underlying tumor has been excised or after surveillance and therapeutic interve...
Breast cancer is the most common cancer diagnosed in females throughout the entire world, and it is also the primary reason why people lose their lives due to malignant tumors. The risk of developing breast cancer is increasing at an alarming rate over the whole planet. In light...
Wound healing requires the proliferation and the terminal differentiation of PSCs, the most primitive stem cells expressing abnormal differentiation enzymes (MEs). Wound if not healed properly, PSCs may be forced to evolve into cancer stem cells (CSCs), and then to progress to fa...
Introduction: Cardiac involvement during Hodgkin lymphoma is rare and is often seen at a late stage of the disease. The diagnosis of cardiac localization is difficult to make while the patient is alive, Transthoracic echocardiography is used to identify cardiac involvement in mos...
Malignant Melanoma of the eyelid skin arises from the abnormal proliferation of melanocytes. It is a rare condition that accounts for < 1% of all melanomas. They are usually a result of DNA damage from exposure to UVB (290-320). Other common risk factors include Fair skin, red...
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in Trinidad and Tobago and has created tremendous challenges for healthcare services and expenditures throughout the region. In this study, it was found that cancer could be attributedto risk factors such as cigarette smoking, second-ha...
It was very sad to learn that President Jimmy Carter and Jane Fonda have given up fights to battle cancer. Terminal stage cancer patients all end up like these two very distinguished figures hopeless to carry on fighting. At terminal stage, patient’s cancer cells (CCs) are loaded...
The human immune system can eliminate unidentified proteins and contaminated tissues because it can discriminate between self and non-self proteins. The potential for cancer immunotherapy is largely predicated on the idea that cancer cells express particular antigens recognized b...
Introduction: Learning infection control is crucial for healthcare professionals who care for patients. The general objective of this study is to improve nursing students’ knowledge and skills in infection control (IC) through a training course. Methods: An interventional study o...
Colonoscopy is a medical test to help find potential problems, such as colorectal cancer or polyps. Polyps are small growths, they are not cancer, but they can turn into cancer. Data from the World Health Organization (WHO), shows that Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide...
One of the most common cancers to cause death worldwide is lung cancer. Lung carcinoma, another name for lung cancer, is a malignant lung tumor that is characterized by unchecked cell proliferation in lung tissues. This tumor has the potential to metastasize, or expand outside of...
Cancer in sinonasal cavity is an extremely uncommon condition. Most of the time, the symptoms resemble allergy symptoms, making it difficult to diagnose a malignancy. It is critical to distinguish between benign and malignant nasal masses. A clinical correlation is required for t...
Molecular imaging is quickly gaining acceptance as a technique that has the potential to enhance every aspect of cancer treatment. Oncologists use molecular imaging to characterize and measure important biomolecules and molecularly based events that are essential to the malignant...
Introduction: Peri-operative undernutrition is one of the complications that can hamper postoperative rehabilitation and increase morbidity and mortality in digestive surgery. It is currently recommended to assess the nutritional status of patients, especially pre-operatively. Th...
Liver is the largest solid organ in the body that performs over 100 functions. It removes the toxins and waste products from the blood stream, maintains healthy blood sugar levels, regulates blood clotting; synthesize essential body proteins and other vital functions. The liver h...