Adaptability of Indigenous Knowledge to Sustainable Forest Management in Uganda

Abstract

Although evidence is emerging regarding the adaptability of indigenous knowledge (IK), indigenous peoples are often regarded as vulnerable because of their exposure to change. This study therefore evaluated the adaptability of IK to a changing socioeconomic and demographic landscape in order to enhance sustainable forest management (SFM) in Uganda. The study was conducted in Yumbe District, Uganda, between 2021 and 2024. Its objectives were to examine the socioeconomic and demographic changes experienced by the community, assess the ability of IK to adjust to these changes, and identify the adaptation mechanisms used by the local community to enhance SFM. A mixed-methods approach was employed, involving 371 respondents and 19 key informants. Data were collected using questionnaires, structured interviews, and focus group discussions (FGDs). Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics, particularly logistic regression, whereas qualitative data were analysed thematically. The findings indicated that the local community had experienced significant socioeconomic and demographic changes. Despite these changes, IK remained adaptable. This adaptability was enhanced by population size, organised cultural institutions, the state of the local economy, and respondents' occupations. The community developed adaptation mechanisms that supported SFM, particularly on communal land, including restricted entry, controlled burning, restricted exploitation of threatened species, and the establishment of sacred places. The study therefore recommends strengthening cultural institutions and diversifying the local economy to minimise dependence on forest resources.