Allelopathy in Weed Management: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

Allelopathy, the process by which plants release biochemicals called allelochemicals to influence the growth and development of neighbouring plants, offers promising avenues for weed management. This comprehensive review explores the diverse mechanisms, nature, and applications of allelopathy in weed control. Allelopathic interactions occur through various means such as root exudates, volatilization, leaching, and decomposition of plant residues, affecting weed germination, growth, and reproduction. Allelopathic compounds, including phenolic acids, terpenoids, and alkaloids, inhibit key physiological processes in target plants, presenting opportunities for sustainable weed management. The review discusses the role of allelopathy in agriculture, highlighting the potential of allelopathic crops, cover crops, and plant extracts in suppressing weeds and reducing reliance on synthetic herbicides. Additionally, allelopathy's ecological significance in shaping plant communities and its implications for invasive species management are explored. Integrating allelopathy into weed management strategies holds promise for promoting environmentally friendly and economically viable agricultural practices.