Analysis of Brick Bonds: A Systematic Review

Abstract

The need to address problems such as cracking and structural instability, enhance the effectiveness and quality of masonry construction, ensure adherence to building codes, as well as improve thermal performance, makes this brick bond research pertinent. One of the materials most frequently used in construction is masonry. Bricks are commonly used to construct a building's walls, and brickwork is the act of arranging bricks in different ways. The type of brick bond selected affects how bricks behave in masonry and, consequently, the overall strength of the construction. Bond strength is determined by several interconnected elements that can either directly or indirectly affect bond development, including unit surface absorption, pore structure, mortar composition, mortar water retentivity, and curing conditions. Two significant financial and environmental issues facing the brick industry are energy use and pollution. Stretcher Bond, Header Bond, Flemish Bond, English Bond, Stack Bond, Garden Wall Bond, Zigzag Bond, Raking Bond, Facing Bond, Scottish Bond, American Bond, and Rat Trap Bond are the twelve brick bonds used in the construction. The five most common types of bricklaying bonds are header, English, Flemish, stretcher, and running bonds. With its alternating layers of headers and stretchers, the English bond is regarded as the strongest type of brick bond. The majority of individuals concur that the weakest brick bond is the stack bond. Thematic analysis was employed in this investigation. For a brick wall to be stable and strong enough to support both vertical and horizontal loads, bonding is necessary. Although its primary function is to ensure the stability and strength of the brickwork, the brick bond can also influence the façade's design and lend a creative personality to a wall's visual appearance. The type of wall, use requirements, and other factors will all affect the bonding technique. For exterior walls, however, the metal tie approach is frequently recommended. Two benefits of this technology are its increased resistance to rain penetration and its ease of construction. Additionally, metal ties permit the facing and backing to move somewhat differently, which can lessen strain and keep the ties from shattering.