Comparison of Hemoglobin (Hb) and Hematocrit (HCT) Value in Normal and Cancer Patients- An In-vitro Study

Abstract

Introduction: Hemoglobin is the molecule in Red blood cells (RBC) that carries oxygen from the lungs to the body's tissues and returns carbon dioxide gas from the tissues back to the lungs. The hematocrit is the ratio of the quantity of Red blood cells to the amount of these components together, called blood. The hematocrit measures the amount of red blood cells compared to the whole blood volume (red blood cells and plasma). The research is required to find out whether the cancer affects the traditional Hb and HCT value. Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the difference between the normal and cancer patient’s Hb and HCT values. Materials and Methods: A Total of 20 samples were included in this study. Divided into two groups of normal and cancer patients. The details of Hemoglobin and Hematocrit values were noted down from the routine Complete blood count analysis and regression analysis is done through SPSS version 23. Results: The results showed that there is significant difference between the Hemoglobin and Hematocrit value between normal and cancerous patients. Comparison of Hemoglobin and Hematocrit value in normal and cancer patients showed mean value of the Hb in control patients as 13.9g/dl with a standard deviation of 1.4 and in squamous cell carcinoma as 12.97g/dl with a standard deviation of 2.6 and the mean value of the HCT in the control group is 40.5% with a standard deviation of 3.9 and in the cancer group it is 39.0 with a standard deviation of 7.7. with a significant difference between Hb and HCT level with a p value <0.05 Conclusion: The study found that there is a significant difference between the Hemoglobin and Hematocrit value among Squamous cell carcinoma compared to normal patients. As the therapy for cancers target the bone marrow, proliferative cells, the hematological parameter analysis is necessary to know the prognosis of the cancer individual.