Design and Experimental Research of Chain-type Soil Tilling and Fertilizer Mixing Machine

Abstract

In view of the problems that the existing orchard trenching and fertilization equipment relies on large-scale power, lacks the function of multi-fertilizer mixing, and has insufficient uniformity of fertilizer mixing, this paper designs a self-powered chain-type trenching and fertilizer mixing machine. The equipment is equipped with a 6.5kW engine and adopts a chain-type rotary fertilizer mixing device. By manually spreading the fertilizer to the surface, it achieves an integrated operation of trenching, fertilizer mixing and no backfilling, making it suitable for small and medium-sized sandy loam soil orchards. The experiment takes the operation depth, operation speed and chain conveyor speed as the influencing factors, adopts a three-factor and three-level orthogonal design, synchronously monitors the soil moisture content and compaction, and takes the coefficient of variation (CV) of fertilizer mixing uniformity as the core evaluation index. The results show that the change rate of moisture content in the core layer before and after the operation is ≤0.8%, the compactness decreases by 5%-8%, and the physical properties of the soil are stable. The optimal parameter combination is an operation depth of 150mm, a speed of 2.0km/h, and a chain conveyor speed of 180r/min. At this time, the CV value of fertilizer mixing is as low as 0.52%, meeting the requirements of precise fertilization.Research has confirmed that the equipment has excellent power adaptability and operational performance, providing technical support for efficient fertilization in small and medium-sized orchards