Geospatial Analysis of the Distribution of Mangrove Species along the Shoreline in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

Abstract

Mangrove forest is an ecosystem that offers many goods and services which can sustain mankind for eternity. Unfortunately, in Akwa Ibom State, this very important ecosystem is declining because of deforestation arising from over exploitation and development activities in the area. Aim: The aim of this study was to analyze the distribution of mangrove species along the shoreline in Akwa Ibom State using a geospatial approach. Methodology: Remote sensing, Global Positioning System and Geographical Information Systems techniques were used to determine, map and analyse the locations and distribution of mangrove forest in the area. Results: The results of the study revealed that most mature stands of the different mangrove species, mainly A. Africana and R. racemosa occur on the braided islands found within the Cross River estuary in Okobo Local Government Area and along the Kwa Iboe Creek in Eastern Obolo Local Government Area. Conclusion: This study has shown how to map and analyze mangrove at the species level using geospatial technologies. It revealed the actual locations of the two dominant species of mangrove found along the Nigerian shoreline in Akwa Ibom State. With this approach, it is possible to monitor and manage mangrove ecosystem for sustainable goods and service provision, poverty alleviation and climate change mitigation.