Impact of Shrimp Farming and Government Policy Implications on Rice Production in Navsari District of Gujarat, India

Abstract

Aquaculture, especially shrimp farming, is rapidly expanding and crucial for meeting global seafood demand. In 2022, shrimp production hit 9.4 million tons. This industry provides significant employment and income, notably in India, where it supports over 14 million people. However, shrimp farming has environmental impacts, including mangrove degradation and freshwater depletion. In Andhra Pradesh, converting paddy fields to shrimp farms has led to soil salinization and reduced freshwater availability. The study "Assessing the Influence of Shrimp Farming on Rice Growers and Analyzing Policy Implications in Navsari District of Gujarat" examined rice growers' socioeconomic profiles, shrimp farming's impact on them, and policy implications. Data from 60 farmers revealed that most shrimp farmers are aged 31-40, own small land parcels, and have secondary education. Sixty-five percent reported increased soil and groundwater salinity, affecting crop productivity and environmental health. Policy analysis highlighted issues with subsidy access and untreated water discharge. Effective training schemes exist, but larger farms often neglect effluent treatment, causing environmental harm. Improved subsidy access, stricter effluent regulations, and sustainable practices are needed to balance economic benefits with environmental protection.