Influence of Parental Status and Socioeconomic Factors on Secondary School Dropout in Nagaon District, Assam, India

Abstract

Education plays a vital role in shaping individual development and societal progress, yet school dropout remains a persistent global concern. Various socioeconomic, cultural, and institutional factors continue to influence students’ decisions to leave school, particularly at the secondary level.This study investigates the socioeconomic factors influencing secondary-level school dropout among students in Nagaon district, Assam, India. The analysis is based on data collected from 120 students who discontinued their secondary education. A self- made interview schedule served as the primary tool for data collection.  The primary causes of dropout were family income, father's and mother's education, parents' occupation, social background, and housing conditions, which were examined to understand the causes of dropout. The findings demonstrate that 41.67% of students drop out, particularly those from families with income below ₹3000 per month, who often struggle to meet basic needs. Poor living conditions further make it difficult for students to continue their studies. The study also highlights that the occupation of both the father and the mother affects the dropout at the secondary stage. Reducing dropout rates requires teamwork from families, educators, government agencies, and the community. Overall, the results suggest that school dropout is closely related to social and economic realities, and addressing these issues is important for improving student retention.