Multi-Functional Agricultural Machine with Hybrid Semi-Automation: A Step towards Sustainable Farming Techniques

Abstract

The research aims to develop a single-pass integrated machine that can simultaneously cut crops, spray pesticides, and sow seeds, replacing the need for separate machinery. The primary objectives are to minimise overall operating time and achieve significant labour savings for small to medium-sized farm operations. By utilising a single power unit for all three functions, the goal is to enhance fuel efficiency and reduce cultivation costs. The ultimate aim is to boost agricultural productivity by offering a user-friendly, adaptable, and energy-efficient solution. The machine is designed by combining various mechanisms powered by a single unit. A single DC motor operates both the seed feeder and the crop harvesting mechanisms simultaneously. This motor is powered by a rechargeable dry battery unit. To accommodate different field operations, the machine has two modes: high and low. The seed sowing mechanism employs a rotational drum feeder to ensure a consistent and measurable seed output, while the crop harvesting mechanism utilises the reciprocating motion of cutter blades. All these components are mounted on a compact frame, making the machine easy to operate, transport, and handle in the field. This compact design reduces costs while enhancing versatility for various operations. The system's calculated speed of 2 mph allows the Grass Cutter component, despite its smaller 2-foot width, to achieve a time of 123.75 minutes per acre, marking a notable 17% improvement over the average market push mower. This high travel speed also grants a significant advantage to the Sprinkler System, which is calculated to cover 1 acre in just 73 minutes and 24 seconds.