Skip to content
Research Article Open access CC BY 4.0

Overview: Lowsonia Intracellularis in Pig and Horse

M. A. R. Priyantha, G. I. S. Perera

Asian Journal of Research in Animal and Veterinary Sciences · pp. 277–283 · Published 1 Jun 2021

10.9734/ajravs/2021/v4i3142

Abstract

Lowsonia intracellularis is a Gram negative, obligate intra cellular, motile, anaerobic organism which resides in apical cytoplasm of enterocytes. It is one of the economically important pathogens in current pork industry in the world. Lowsonia intracellularis is an important pathogen in equine, also been reported in rodents, dogs, cats, foxes, sheep, deer, hamsters, rabbits, opossums, skunks, mice, coyote deer, ferrets, ostriches, and non-human primates. Feco-oral rout of transmission occurs common Lowsonia intracellularis in livestock, companion animals and wild animals under natural conditions. Shedding of the organism is commenced on 7 days of post inoculation and excretion was observed until 12 weeks in infected animals. The clinical infection is called as porcine proliferative enteropathy (PPE) or |equine proliferative enteropathy (EPE) in pigs and horses respectively. The disease is characterized by thickening of mucosae in distal small intestine and proximal part of large intestine. Hyperplasia in enterocytes were the commonest histopathological finding in infected animals.  Determination of Lowsonia intracellularis in feaces by qPCR and serological diagnosis are practised common in swine industry. Hypoproteinemia and hypoalbuminemia were significant finding in clinical pathology around 4 weeks before the onset of clinical infection. Gross pathology, histopathology, and immunohistochemistry are used widely in confirmatory diagnosis after the post-mortem examination. Antimicrobial therapy and vaccination are two main methodology to control the infections in pigs and foals. Live attenuated and killed whole cell vaccine are widely used against Lowsonia intracellularis in pigs. Both cell mediated and humoral immune responses are required to eliminate the organism from body of animals. Minimizing stress factors, good bio security, continue screening of herd in endemic zones, early recognition of the disease are the important strategies in minimizing the clinical emergence of Lowsonia intracellularis. Screening, identification and culling of infected animals are recommended as part of the programme on minimizing unnecessary health burden in the industry.

Lowsonia intracellularis anaerobic organism Hypoproteinemia

References (18)

  1. 1 Changes in the Porcine Intestinal Microbiome in Response to Infection with Salmonella enterica and Lawsonia intracellularis [DOI]
  2. 2 Lawsonia intracellularis: Revisiting the Disease Ecology and Control of This Fastidious Pathogen in Pigs [DOI]
  3. 3 Prevalence of Lawsonia intracellularis in pig herds in different European countries [DOI]
  4. 4 Cell-mediated and humoral immune responses in pigs following primary and challenge-exposure to Lawsonia intracellularis [DOI]
  5. 5 Lawsonia intracellularis infection and proliferative enteropathy in foals [DOI]
  6. 6 Efficacy of a novel inactivated Lawsonia intracellularis vaccine in pigs against experimental infection and under field conditions [DOI]
  7. 7 Effect of a live attenuated vaccine against Lawsonia intracellularis in weaned and finishing pig settings in Finland [DOI]
  8. 8 Immune response and protection against Lawsonia intracellularis infections in pigs [DOI]
  9. 9 Nutrient digestibility, organ morphometry and performance in vaccinated or non-vaccinated Lawsonia intracellularis infected piglets [DOI]
  10. 10 Isolation and in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of porcine Lawsonia intracellularis from Brazil and Thailand [DOI]
  11. 11 Survival of Lawsonia intracellularis in porcine peripheral blood monocyte-derived macrophages [DOI]
  12. 12 Lawsonia intracellularis associated equine proliferative enteropathy in Danish weanling foals [DOI]
  13. 13 Association between faecal load of lawsonia intracellularis and pathological findings of proliferative enteropathy in pigs with diarrhoea [DOI]
  14. 14 Seroprevalence of Lawsonia intracellularis antibodies in intensive pig farms in China [DOI]
  15. 15 Evaluation of mouse enteroids as a model for Lawsonia intracellularis infection [DOI]
  16. 16 High Seroprevalence Against Lawsonia intracellularis Among Adult Horses in Belgium [DOI]
  17. 17 Lawsonia intracellularis in the feces of wild rodents and stray cats captured around equine farms [DOI]
  18. 18 Genotyping of Equine Lawsonia intracellularis Sampled in Japan by Using Multilocus Variable-Number Tandem Repeat Analysis [DOI]

Cited by 0

No indexed citations yet.

Related research

Article metrics

Real usage data collected on this platform.

34

Page views

0

PDF downloads

4

Outbound clicks

0

Citations

Views over time

Views by country

Approximate, from request IP at view time — not citizenship or institution. Countries with fewer than 5 views are grouped as "Other".

Traffic sources

Referring site, by host.

Views and downloads exclude known bots/crawlers. Citations combines this platform's own DOI-resolved index with each external source's own reported total — see Cited by above for individually listed citing works. Last refreshed 0 seconds ago.