Seasonal Characterization of Solid Waste in the Main Market of Natitingou, Benin: Implications for Circular Economy–Based Management

Abstract

Sanitation in markets of developing countries, such as the large market of Natitingou in Benin, is a problem due to the failure to adhere to the waste management model for solid, liquid, and gaseous waste, which pollutes the environment. With the aim of providing a better living environment for users of this market, this study focused on the typological characterization of waste to develop effective ecological management strategies based on a circular economy. The methodological approach consisted of stratified random sampling across four distinct zones (FZ: Food Zone, TZ: Textile Zone, AZ: Animal Zone, FPZ: Food Products Zone) and waste characterization over four months, during both the dry and rainy seasons. Twelve characterization campaigns were conducted, six per season. The results show that, out of a total of 1005.7 kg of waste characterized, bio-organic waste represents 94.72%. Plastics, paper, textiles, and rubble exhibit significant seasonal variations. Moisture content and volatile dry matter levels show significant differences. The results of this study suggest that this waste can be used for composting and methanization due to its high biodegradable content.