Genetic Variability Studies for Yield and Yield Contributing Traits in Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.)

Abstract

Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) ranks as one of the most important Rabi oilseed crops, following rapeseed and mustard. Linseed is rich in omega-3 fatty acids and ALA, beneficial for heart health, and used for linen and oil production. The present investigation was undertaken to assess genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance for yield and its contributing traits in linseed. A total of 36 genotypes were evaluated at the Oilseeds Research Station, College of Agriculture, Latur during Rabi 2024–2025 using a randomized block design with two replications. The trial was sown on November 23, 2024, at a spacing of 30 × 5 cm. The genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) exhibited a range from low to high values, with the lowest GCV and PCV observed for traits such as oil content, days to maturity, 1000-seed weight, number of seeds per capsule, and harvest index. In contrast, the highest GCV and PCV values were recorded for seed yield per plant, number of capsules per plant, number of branches per plant, plant height, and days to 50% flowering. All traits demonstrated high heritability, with the highest values for number of capsules per plant, number of branches per plant, plant height, seed yield per plant, and days to 50% flowering. These findings suggest the predominance of additive genetic effects for these traits. Therefore, these characteristics are promising targets for direct selection in breeding programs. In conclusion, the genotypes under study exhibit considerable genetic variability for yield and related traits, offering substantial potential for improvement in future breeding efforts.