Parents’ Perceptions of the Role of the School Curriculum in Fostering the Holistic Development of Pupils: A Study of Gateway College, Sri Lanka

Abstract

Background: Within the evolving educational paradigm, the school curriculum serves as the foundational framework for promoting holistic development. Recognising this, educational leaders and policymakers worldwide have begun to reorient curricula - not only to shape academic achievement but also to cultivate skills, values and attitudes that are essential for meaningful participation in life and society. Aim: The study aims to investigate parents’ perceptions of the role of school curricula in the holistic development of students, including intellectual, physical, emotional, social, moral, and spiritual growth. Study Design: Quantitative descriptive survey design. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted across multiple school campuses, with data collected from parents during the study period. Methodology: Data were collected from a large sample of 914 parents using a structured questionnaire. The survey focused on parents’ views regarding the effectiveness of the school curriculum in promoting holistic development. Key areas examined included academic learning, sports and co-curricular activities, character development, life skills, wellbeing, and future readiness. Responses were analysed using descriptive statistical methods. Results: The findings revealed that a majority of parents strongly value a balanced curriculum that integrates academics with sports, co-curricular activities, and personal development. Parents showed a clear preference against an exam-centric model of education. High levels of agreement were observed regarding the importance of life skills, values, confidence, well-being, and responsible behaviour. Additionally, parents identified digital citizenship, mental health support, communication skills, and career readiness as critical components of modern education. There was also strong support for fostering both cultural identity and global perspectives among students. Conclusion: The study highlights the importance of incorporating parental perspectives into curriculum design. It emphasises the need for continuous curriculum enhancement to ensure holistic student development and to better prepare learners for the demands and complexities of the modern world.